![]() ![]() Therefore, as she says, the debate on whether these literary styles have been borrowed from the West or are basically indigenous is mostly irrelevant. 112.), edited by Memon, “ thinks that the so-called modern modes of literary expression, like surrealism, symbolism and the absurd, and ideas like existential freedom, have always been present in a very positive manner in our mystical literature. ![]() The tale can entertain several interpretations, from the uncanny to the more science-fictional or even the mundane.Īs noted in the Annual of Urdu Studies, v. Although the story has appeared in printed textbooks and anthologies before, it has not previously appeared online. Today we are pleased to bring you Khalida Asghar’s “The Wagon,” originally published in Urdu in 1963 and translated into English by Muhammad Umar Memon. ![]()
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